Concepts
Deep vein thrombosis（DVT）refers to the abnormal clotting of blood in the lumen of deep veins. It is a venous reflux disorder characterized by local pain, tenderness and edema, often occurring in the lower extremities. Deep vein thrombosis（DVT）is recognized as one of the most difficult and potentially life-threatening diseases in modern medicine. After thrombosis, if not timely diagnosis and treatment, pulmonary embolism may formed in the same time and it may lead to serious consequences, even death. There are some people will have sequelae such as varicose veins, chronic eczema, ulcers, serious ulcer prolonged, so that the limb in the state of disease waste, cause long-term pain, affect life, and even lose the ability to work.
Symptoms
1. Limb swelling: This is the most common symptom, the limb is non-depressed edema.
2.Pain: This is the earliest symptom, most appear in the calf gastrocnemius（the back of the lower leg）, thigh or groin area.
3.Varicose veins: The compensatory reaction after DVT is mainly manifested as the protrusion of superficial veins of lower limbs on the skin surface, like earthworm.
4.Whole-body reaction: Increased body temperature, rapid pulse rate, increased white blood cell count, etc.
Precautions
The prevention methods of DVT mainly include basic prevention, physical prevention and drug prevention.
1.Physical prevention
Intermittent inflating pressure device :Air Compression Garments、Dvt Garment. Different parts use different styles,Can promote venous return,The use should under the professional guidance.
2. Basic prevention
*Air Compression Garments and DVT series. After operation, elevate the affected limb 20°~30°to prevent venous return.
*Movements in bed. When the condition allows, turn over frequently in bed, do more bed activities, such as quadriceps function exercise.
*Get out of bed as early as possible, do more deep breathing and coughing, and strengthen daily exercise, such as brisk walking, jogging, tai chi, etc.
3. Drug prevention
It mainly includes ordinary heparin, lower molecular weight heparin, vitamin K antagonist, factor Xa inhibitor, etc. The methods of use are mainly divided into subcutaneous injection and oral administration.
Post time: Jul-01-2022