A favorable weapon for preventing deep venous thrombosis（1）

Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) have become important medical and health problems in the world. DVT and PE are essentially the manifestations of a disease process in different parts and stages. They are collectively called venous thromboembolism (VTE). The incidence of VTE after major surgery is high, which is one of the main causes of perioperative death and an important cause of unexpected death in the hospital.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) refers to a clinical syndrome in which the blood in the deep vein coagulates and forms a thrombus, leading to the difficulty of blood return of the corresponding blood vessels. It usually occurs in the legs. When the embolus falls off, it can enter the pulmonary artery along the blood flow, causing pulmonary embolism, gas exchange disorder, pulmonary hypertension, and right heart dysfunction. In severe cases, dyspnea, shock and even death may occur. The incidence of deep venous thrombosis in China has increased from 1.1 million in 2015 to 1.5 million in 2019, and is expected to increase to 3.3 million by 2030, with the number of patients increasing.

The clinical manifestations of pulmonary embolism can range from asymptomatic to sudden death. The common symptoms were dyspnea and chest pain, with an incidence of more than 80%. Pleural pain is caused by adjacent pleural cellulose inflammation, and sudden occurrence often indicates pulmonary infarction. Diaphragmatic pleural involvement may radiate to the shoulder or abdomen. If there is pain behind the sternum, it is quite like myocardial infarction. Chronic pulmonary infarction may have hemoptysis. Other symptoms are anxiety, which may be caused by pain or hypoxemia. Syncope is often a sign of pulmonary infarction.